糖尿病视网膜病变中视网膜内皮细胞功能障碍的研究进展北大核心

视网膜内皮细胞(REC)是参与糖尿病视网膜病变和许多眼部疾病的主要细胞类型之一。视网膜微血管系统有助于血-视网膜屏障的维持,这对正常的视功能至关重要。REC的改变在视网膜疾病的发生发展中起着关键作用。高血糖是糖尿病微血管损伤的重要原因,通过不同的机制导致REC功能障碍,包括向衰老表型改变、迁移和增殖能力增强、炎性凋亡等,最终导致无细胞毛细血管及病理性新生血管形成。本文对糖尿病视网膜病变中REC的功能障碍作一综述。     

Efficacy and safety of cold snare polypectomy for sessile serrated polyps ≥ 10 mm: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundCold snare polypectomy (CSP) is a promising technique for the removal of sessile serrated polyps (SSPs) ≥ 10 mm. However, the efficacy and safety of this technique remain undetermined.AimsWe aimed to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of CSP for SSPs ≥ 10 mm.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched up to January 2021.ResultsA total of 10 studies consisting of 1727 SSPs (range, 10–40 mm) from 1021 patients were included. The overall rates of technical success, adverse events (AEs) and residual SSPs were 100%, 0.7% and 2.9%, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the rates of technical success and AEs were comparable between CSP and cold endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) (99.9% vs. 100% and 1.3% vs. 0.5%, respectively), between the proximal and distal colon (100% vs. 99.9% and 0.3% vs. 0, respectively), and between polyps of 10–19 mm and ≥20 mm (99.8% vs. 100% and 0.9% vs. 0, respectively). However, subgroup analysis showed that the rate of residual SSPs was slightly lower in CSP compared with cold EMR (1.3% vs. 3.9%), as well as in polyps of 10–19 mm compared with those ≥20 mm (3.1% vs. 4.7%).ConclusionCSP was an effective and safe technique for removing SSPs ≥ 10 mm.     

The rationality involved in the popular use of coffee (Coffea sp) and sunflower seed (Helianthus annuus) for the treatment of vitiligo: a case report

Introduction: Vitiligo is a dermatological disease that affects about 0.38% to 2.9% of the world population. Currently, the main treatments used for vitiligo involve the use of topical drugs such as corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors, phototherapy, systemic treatment with steroids and even surgical grafts and, in acute cases, depigmenting treatments. Natural products are an alternative for the treatment of vitiligo: mamacadela (Brosimum gaudichaudii), a plant rich in furanocoumarins, and sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus), rich in phenolic substances, are already used to treat vitiligo. There are also popular reports of the use of a preparation containing coffee (Coffea sp) and sunflower seed (Helianthus annuus) to treat vitiligo. Case report: A female patient, 28 years old, diagnosed with vitiligo, reported having obtained a positive result in the repigmentation of the pale white patches after the daily use of a preparation containing coffee and sunflower seed for about one year. Discussion: Data from the scientific literature demonstrated that chemical constituents of these plants, such as chlorogenic acid and its isomers, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action, and substances such as linoleic acid and vitamins E and B, which help in the process of melanin formation on the skin, may be responsible for the observed repigmentation of the patches. Further research on this case report is important for scientific validation and the development of new therapeutic options, especially with less adverse effects, in the treatment of vitiligo.     

青少年非自杀性自伤患者父母人格特征及认知调节情绪策略

  目的  分析青少年非自杀性自伤(non-suicidal self-injury，NSSI)患者父母人格特征、认知调节情绪策略对青少年NSSI行为的影响。  方法  选取2020年1月至2021年1月到山东第一医科大学第二附属医院、泰安市中心医院、泰安市精神病医院就诊的青少年NSSI患者为病例组(60人)，在学校、社区及医院选取健康青少年为对照组(60人)，采用中国大五人格问卷简式版、认知情绪调节问卷中文版(CERQ-C)对其父母进行问卷调查，利用Logistic回归评价青少年NSSI的影响因素。  结果  对照组父母开放性、严谨性人格得分[(40.90±6.19)(48.18±6.12)]高于病例组父母[(36.88±5.02)(44.12±6.58)](t值分别为3.90，3.50，P值均＜0.05)。对照组父母面对负性事件时在接受、积极再评价、再关注计划、积极再关注、合理分析的策略得分高于病例组父母(t值分别为3.43，3.58，2.36，5.44，3.53，P值均＜0.05)。病例组父母的神经质与合理分析(r=0.31)、灾难性(r=0.37)呈正相关；开放性与积极再关注(r=0.30)、积极再评价(r=0.27)呈正相关；接受与外向性、开放性、严谨性呈负相关(r值分别为-0.29，-0.40，-0.26)；责备他人与外向性(r=-0.35)、宜人性呈负相关(r=-0.36)；外向性与积极再关注呈负相关(r=-0.32)(P值均 < 0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示，病例组父母的经济水平、受教育年限、接受、积极再评价、合理分析、神经质、开放性、严谨性与NSSI行为呈负相关(OR值分别为0.49，0.60，0.59，0.45，0.53，0.81，0.76，0.74)，自我责难、再关注计划与青少年NSSI行为呈正相关(OR值分别为1.55，2.09)(P值均＜0.05)。  结论  青少年NSSI患者父母的人格特征、面对负性事件时的情绪调节策略影响青少年NSSI行为的发生。     

A novel cysteine-sparing G73A mutation of NOTCH3 in a Chinese CADASIL family

neurogenetics - Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most common monogenic disease leading to stroke and vascular dementia....     

基于中医古籍文献的升降散应用溯源及探析

通过对中医古籍中有关升降散论述的文献梳理,全面探讨其内涵。本方是在大黄、僵蚕为雏形的基础上增加蝉蜕、姜黄而成方,几经易名,终在杨璿《伤寒瘟疫条辨》中为后人所熟知。本方广泛用于治疗瘟疫,以丸剂、散剂为主,方便携带,便于服用;重用大黄旨在祛邪、逐秽;应用时视人之体质强弱和量其毒之轻重而判断用药多寡,并辅以米酒、生蜜等以顾护正气。杨璿将其由治疗“热疫”的专方扩展为治疗“表里三焦大热”的通用方剂,扩大了本方治疗疾病范围。